Selenium yeast in diets for broilers in different thermal environments

Foram utilizados 720 frangos de corte machos sexados da linhagem Cobb® em dois experimentos para avaliar níveis de selênio de fonte orgânica (SeO) em rações para frangos de corte, no período de 1 a 46 dias de idade, mantidos em ambiente de terrmoneutralidade e de alta temperatura. Em cada experimento 360 aves foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos (uma ração controle com 0,30 ppm de selênio de fonte inorgânica (SeI) na forma de selenito de sódio e quatro rações com SeO), oito repetições e nove aves por unidade experimental. Os níveis de SeO nas rações experimentais foram: 0,19; 0,30; 0,41 e 0,52 ppm. Aos 21 dias de idade, três aves de cada gaiola, com peso mais distante da média da gaiola (±10%), foram retiradas permanecendo 240 aves em cada experimento. No experimento 1 os pintos com 1 dia de idade e peso inicial de 44 ± 0,11g, foram alojados em câmaras climáticas com temperatura de 31,9 ± 1,09oC e umidade relativa de 65 ± 3,8%, que resultaram em um ITGU calculado de 82 ± 1,4, caracterizando ambiente de termoneutralidade. Não se observou efeito dos níveis de SeO e das fontes de selênio no consumo de ração (CR), ganho de peso (GP) e conversão alimentar (CA) dos frangos de corte de 1 aos 21 e 1 aos 46 dias de idade. Da mesma forma, os níveis de SeO não influenciaram os rendimentos de carcaça, peito, coxa e sobrecoxa das aves aos 46 dias de idade. Os níveis de SeO da ração não influenciaram as atividades das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD) e glutationa peroxidase (GSH-Px), enquanto a suplementação com SeI proporcionou maiores valores nas atividades destas enzimas. Os níveis de SeO da ração, influenciaram de forma quadrática a concentração de glutationa reduzida (GSH) no plasma das aves que diminuiu até o nível estimado de 0,31 ppm. Constatou-se aumento na concentração plasmática da GSH com a suplementação de SeO. Os níveis de SeO não influenciaram os valores de malonaldeído (MDA) no plasma das aves. Por outro lado, a concentração de MDA plasmático aumentou quando se utilizou SeI em relação à fonte orgânica. Não se observou variação nos valores dos hormônios tiroxina (T4) e triiodotironina (T3) em razão do aumento dos níveis de SeO e da fonte utilizada nas rações dos frangos de corte aos 46 dias de idade. No experimento 2, os pintos com 1 dia de idade e peso inicial de 42 ± 0,12g, foram alojados em câmaras climáticas com temperatura de 34,3 ± 0,63oC e umidade relativa de 65 ± 5,1%, que resultaram em um ITGU calculado de 85 ± 1,0, caracterizando ambiente de alta temperatura. Não foi observado efeito dos níveis de SeO, quanto das fontes de selênio em nenhum dos parâmetros de desempenho, no período de 1 aos 21 dias de idade. No entanto, no período de 1 a 46 dias, enquanto o GP e a CA não foram influenciados pelos níveis de SeO, o CR das aves aumentou de forma quadrática até o nível estimado de 0,35 ppm. O CR no período total, também variou com a fonte de selênio, que foi menor nas aves suplementadas com SeO nas concentrações de 0,19 e 0,52 ppm em relação às que receberam suplementação com SeI. Não se verificou efeito dos níveis de SeO e das fontes de selênio da ração nos rendimentos de carcaça, peito, coxa e sobrecoxa das aves. Com relação aos marcadores oxidativos, constatou- se aumento linear nas atividades das enzimas da SOD e da GSH-Px em razão dos níveis de SeO da ração. Não houve efeito da fonte de suplementação na atividade da enzima SOD. Em contrapartida maior atividade da enzima GSH-Px foi observada no plasma das aves suplementadas com 0,52 ppm de SeO, em relação a fonte inorgânica. Os níveis de SeO influenciaram de forma linear decrescente a atividade da enzima catalase, enquanto a mesma não variou em função da fonte de suplementação. A concentração da molécula glutationa reduzida GSH no plasma dos frangos não foi influenciada pelos níveis e nem pela fonte de selênio utilizada. Os níveis de SeO diminuíram linearmente a concentração do hormônio T3 no soro das aves, enquanto a fonte orgânica proporcionou menores valores de T3 sérico em relação à inorgânica. Conclui-se que o nível 0,19 ppm de selênio de fonte orgânica suplementado na ração, atende a exigência dos frangos de corte e não compromete os constituintes do sistema antioxidantes das aves em ambiente de termoneutralidade e de estresse por calor.We used 720 sexed male broilers of Cobb® lineage in two experiments to evaluate organic selenium levels (SeO) in diets for broilers, from 1 to 46 days of age kept in terrmoneutralidade environment and high temperature. In each experiment 360 birds were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (one control diet with 0,30 ppm inorganic selenium (SeI) in the form of sodium selenite and four diets with SeO), eight replicates and nine birds per experimental unit. The levels of SeO the experimental diets were: 0,19; 0,30; 0,41 and 0,52 ppm. At 21 days of age three birds, with the longest average weight of the cage (± 10%) were removed from each cage. After this 240 birds remaining in each experiment. In experiment 1 the chickens at 1 day of age and initial weight of 44 ± 0,11g, were housed in climatic chambers with temperature of 31,9 ± 1,09oC and relative humidity of 65 ± 3,8%, which resulted in one BGHI calculated 82 ± 1,4, featuring the thermal neutral environment. There was no effect of SeO levels and sources of selenium (Se) in feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG) and feed conversion (FC) of broilers from 1 to 21 and 1 to 46 days age. Similarly, SeO levels did not influence the carcass yield, breast, thigh and drumstick birds at 46 days of age. The SeO levels in the diet did not affect the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), while supplementation with SeI provided higher values in the activities of these enzymes. SeO levels of feed, had a quadratic effect the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma of birds rose up to the level of ppm. It found an increase in plasma concentrations of GSH supplementation with SeO. The SeO levels did not influence the values malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma of birds. On the other hand, the plasma MDA concentration increased when using SeI in relation to the organic source. There was no variation in the amounts of hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) due to the increase of SeO levels and the font used in the feed of broilers at 46 days of age. In experiment 2, chickens at 1 day of age and initial weight of 42 ± 0,12 g, were housed in climatic chambers with temperature of 34,3 ± 0,63oC and relative humidity of 65 ± 5,1%, which resulted BGHI calculated in a 85 ± 1,0, characterizing the high temperature environment. There was no effect of SeO levels and sources of Se in any of the performance parameters evaluated from 1 to 21 days. However, in the period 1- 46 days, while the WG and FC were not influenced by levels of SeO, the FI birds increased quadratically up to the level of ppm. The CR total period also varied with the source of Se, which was lower in birds supplemented with SeO at concentrations of 0,19 and 0,52 ppm in relation to that received supplementation SeI. There was no effect of SeO levels and dietary sources of Se in the carcass, breast, thigh and drumstick of birds. Regarding the oxidative markers, there was a linear increase in the activities of SOD and GSH-Px because of SeO levels in the diet. There was no effect of supplementation source in the SOD enzyme activity. In contrast higher activity of GSH-Px enzyme was observed in plasma of birds supplemented with 0,52ppm SeO, for inorganic source. The levels of SeO influenced decreasing linearly the activity of catalase, while it did not change depending on the supplemental source. The concentration of reduced glutathione GSH molecule in the plasma of chickens was not influenced by the levels nor the selenium source used. The SeO levels linearly decreased the concentration of T3 in serum of birds, while the organic source provided lower serum T3 values relative to the inorganic. It is concluded that the level of 0,19 ppm organic selenium supplemented in the diet, meets the demand of broilers and does not compromise the constituents of the antioxidant system of birds in thermoneutral environment and heat stress.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológic

Glutamine levels in diets for broiler chickens kept in different thermal environments

Foram utilizados 336 frangos de corte machos sexados da linhagem Cobb® em dois experimentos para avaliar níveis de glutamina em rações para frangos de corte dos 21 aos 42 dias de idade mantidos em ambiente de alta temperatura e de termoneutralidade. Em cada experimento 168 aves foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (níveis de glutamina), sete repetições e seis aves por unidade experimental. Os níveis de glutamina nas rações experimentais foram: 0,00; 0,50; 1,00 e 1,50%. Em ambos os experimentos, foram avaliados: desempenho, rendimentos de carcaça, peito coxa, sobrecoxa e expressão do mRNA da proteína HSP70. No experimento 1 os frangos com 21 dias de idade e com peso inicial de 987 ± 3,05 g, foram alojados em câmaras climáticas com temperatura de 31,3 ± 0,66ºC e umidade relativa de 69 ± 6,12% que resultaram em um ITGU calculado de 83 ± 1,80, caracterizando um ambiente de alta temperatura. O consumo de ração (CR) dos frangos de corte mantidos no ambiente de estresse por calor variou de forma quadrática, em função dos níveis de glutamina da ração aumentando até o nível estimado de 0,60%. De forma similar ao consumo de ração, o ganho de peso (GP) das aves no calor também aumentou de forma quadrática até o nível estimado de 0,66% de glutamina. Os níveis de glutamina não influenciaram a conversão alimentar (CA) das aves mantidas no ambiente por estresse por calor. Não se observou efeito dos níveis de glutamina nos pesos absolutos e nos rendimentos de carcaça, de peito, de coxa e de sobrecoxa das aves mantidas em ambiente de alta temperatura. Verificou-se aumento significativo da expressão do mRNA da proteína HSP70 nas aves suplementadas com 1,50% de glutamina na ração. Conclui-se que a inclusão da glutamina na ração teve efeito positivo nas aves mantidas em ambiente de alta temperatura, com nível estimado de 0,66% proporcionando o melhor resultado de ganho de peso. No experimento 2 os frangos com 21 dias de idade e peso inicial de 900 ± 4,71 g, foram alojados em câmaras climáticas com temperatura de 23,2 ± 1,77ºC e umidade relativa de 70 ± 5,8% que resultaram em um ITGU calculado de 72 ± 2,75, caracterizando um ambiente de termoneutralidade. Não se observou efeito dos níveis de glutamina na ração nas variáveis de desempenho (consumo de ração, ganho de peso e conversão alimentar) das aves mantidas em ambiente de termoneutralidade. Não se verificou efeito dos níveis de glutamina na ração nos pesos absolutos e nos rendimentos de carcaça, peito, coxa e sobrecoxa das aves mantidas em ambiente termoneutro. Com relação a expressão do mRNA da proteína HSP70 não se observou efeito dos níveis de glutamina suplementados na ração. Conclui-se que níveis de glutamina na ração não influenciaram o desempenho de frangos de corte mantidos em ambiente termoneutro dos 21 aos 42 dias de idade.We used 336 male broiler chicks sexed Cobb ® in two experiments to evaluate levels of glutamine in diets for broilers from 21 to 42 days old were kept under high temperature and thermoneutral. In each experiment, 168 birds were distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (levels of glutamine), seven replicates of six birds each. Glutamine levels in experimental diets were: 0,00, 0,50, 1,00 and 1.50%. In both experiments were evaluated: performance, carcass yield,breast drumstick, thigh and mRNA expression of HSP70 protein. In experiment 1 broilers with 21 days of age and starting weight of 987 ± 3,05 g were housed in environmental chambers with temperature of 31,3 ± 0,66ºC and relative humidity of 69 ± 6,12% BGT resulted in a calculated 83 ± 1,80, featuring a high temperature environment. The feed intake (FI) of broilers maintained under heat stress was exponentially, depending on the levels of glutamine to the diet by increasing the estimated level of 0,60%. Similar to feed intake, weight gain (WG) of the birds in the heat also increased quadratically up to the level of 0,66% glutamine. Glutamine levels did not affect feed conversion (FC) of birds kept in the environment for heat stress. There was no effect of glutamine levels in absolute weights and carcass, breast, thigh and drumstick of birds kept in high temperature environment. There was significant increase in mRNA expression of the protein HSP70 in birds supplemented with 1,50% of glutamine in the diet. It is concluded that the inclusion of glutamine in the diet had a positive effect in the birds kept in an environment of high temperature, at an estimated level of 0.66% giving the best result in weight gain. In experiment 2 chickens at 21 days of age and starting weight of 900 ± 4,71 g were housed in environmental chambers with temperature of 23,2 ± 1,77ºC and relative humidity of 70 ± 5,8% resulting in a BGT estimated 72 ± 2,75, featuring a thermoneutral environment. There was no effect of glutamine levels in the diet on performance variables (feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion) of birds kept in thermoneutral environment. There was no effect of glutamine levels in the diet for absolute weight and carcass yield, breast, thigh and drumstick of birds kept in thermoneutral environment. Regarding mRNA expression of HSP70 protein was not observed effect levels of glutamine supplementation in the diet. It is concluded that glutamine levels in the diet did not affect the performance of broilers kept in thermoneutral environment from 21 to 42 days old.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológic

Alterations in postmenopausal plasmatic lipidome.

BACKGROUND:Menopause consists of a physiological process in women between 40 and 50 years of age, and it has substantial consequences for health, ranging from disturbances in lipid and glycidic metabolism to psychological stress and sleep alterations, thereby increasing women's risk of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we attempted to identify potential lipid alterations not identified by the classic methods. METHODS AND RESULTS:We analyzed the serum lipid profile in 40 women in pre- and post-menopause using a lipidomic approach and mass spectrometry. Lipid species presented increased concentrations, with a difference of more than 25% post-menopause and with the ceramides (N.C23:0.Cer, N.C23:0(OH).Cer and N.C24:0(OH).Cer) standing out with a fold change of 1.68, 1.59, and 1.58, respectively. It was also observed that 14 metabolites presented a significant difference in the average concentrations between pre- and post-menopause, especially the ceramide species. Strong and positive correlations were identified between various metabolites and fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides. Of note were the association ceramide (N.C10:0.Cer) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE.a.C18:0) between fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin. CONCLUSION:This study detected lipid alterations, especially in ceramides, post-menopause, as well as correlations with glycidic and lipid markers, which may in the future be useful to investigate diseases associated with menopause

Comportamiento de cerdas lactantes en función del tipo de maternidad en invierno

Abstract Aiming to evaluate the effects of different housing systems on the behavior of lactating sows during the winter, 27 sows were used in a 28 days trial. The design used was completely randomized, with three treatments (Conventional housing system with piglet; Conventional housing with piglet and with floor heating for piglets, and an alternative housing system with access to an open area) and nine replicates. Each sow had a 24 hours period of recording at days 7, 14, 21 and 27 to evaluate their behavior. Sows kept in the alternative system spent more time at the feeder and drinking water when compared to sows kept in the conventional housing system. Sows kept in conventional housing spent more time in other activities than eating and drinking when compared to the sows in the alternative system. Also, sows in the alternative housing system had better physiological parameters than those of conventional systems. In conclusion, the alternative house system and the conventional one with floor heating for piglets provide increased welfare for sows and for piglets when compared to conventional housing systemResumo Objetivando-se verificar os efeitos do tipo de maternidade sobre o comportamento de porcas lactantes, alojadas por 28 dias no inverno, foram usadas 27 matrizes distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (maternidade convencional com abrigo escamoteador; maternidade convencional com abrigo escamoteador e aquecimento do piso para leitões e maternidade alternativa com acesso a piquetes) e nove repetições. As porcas foram filmadas aos 7, 14, 21 e 27 dias por 24 horas. As porcas mantidas em maternidade com acesso a piquetes permaneceram por mais tempo no comedouro e frequentaram e despenderam mais tempo no bebedouro em relação às matrizes mantidas na maternidade convencional. As matrizes mantidas nas maternidades convencionais permaneceram mais tempo em outras posições do que as matrizes mantidas na maternidade com acesso a piquetes. As porcas submetidas à maternidade alternativa apresentaram melhores parâmetros fisiológicos que as da maternidade convencional. Conclui-se que maternidades alternativas com acesso a piquetes e o aquecimento do piso para leitões proporcionam melhores condições de bem-estar, tanto para porcas como para leitões, quando comparadas a maternidades convencionaisResumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar los efectos del tipo de maternidad sobre el comportamiento de cerdas lactantes, las cuales estuvieron alojadas en jaulas por 28 días durante el invierno, se evaluaron 27 matrices distribuidas en un delineamiento completamente al azar con tres tratamientos (maternidad convencional con resguardos para estar abrigados, maternidad convencional con resguardos para estar abrigados con calentamiento del piso para lechones y maternidad alternativa con acceso a potreros) y nueve repeticiones. Las cerdas fueron filmadas a los 7, 14, 21 y 27 días por 24 horas. Las cerdas mantenidas en jaulas de maternidad con acceso a potreros permanecieron por más tiempo en el comedero, con mayor frecuencia y gastaron más tiempo en el bebedero en relación a las cerdas confinadas en jaulas de maternidad convencional. Las cerdas mantenidas en las jaulas de maternidad convencional permanecieron más tiempo en otras posiciones que las matrices mantenidas en la maternidad con acceso a los potreros. Las cerdas sometidas a las jaulas de maternidad alternativa presentaron mejores parámetros fisiológicos que las cerdas evaluadas en jaulas de maternidad convencional. Se concluye que las jaulas de maternidad alternativa con acceso a potreros y calentamiento del piso para lechones proporcionan mejores condiciones de bienestar cuando son comparadas con las jaulas de maternidad convencional, tanto para las cerdas como para los lechone

Available phosphorus levels in diets supplemented with phytase for male broilers aged 22 to 42 days kept in a high-temperature environment

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of reduction of the available phosphorus (avP) in diets supplemented with 500 FTU/kg phytase on performance, carcass characteristics, and bone mineralization of broilers aged 22 to 42 days kept in a high-temperature environment. A total of 336 Cobb broilers with an average initial weight of 0.883±0.005 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments - a positive control (0.354 and 0.309% avP without addition of bacterial phytase for the phases of 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days, respectively), and another five diets with inclusion of phytase (500 FTU) and reduction of the level of avP (0.354, 0.294, 0.233, 0.173, and 0.112%; and 0.309, 0.258, 0.207, 0.156, and 0.106% for the phases of 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days, respectively) - eight replicates, and seven birds per cage. The experimental diets were formulated to meet all nutritional requirements, except for avP and calcium. Birds were kept in climatic chambers at a temperature of 32.2±0.4 °C and air humidity of 65.3±5.9%. Phytase acted by making the phytate P available in diets with reduction in the levels of avP, keeping feed intake, weight gain, feed:gain, and carcass characteristics unchanged. Treatments affected ash and calcium deposition and the Ca:P ratio in the bone; the group fed the diets with 0.112 and 0.106%, from 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days of age, respectively, obtained the lowest values, although the phosphorus deposition in the bone was not affected. Diets supplemented with 500 FTU of phytase, with available phosphorus reduced to 0.173 and 0.156%, and a fixed Ca:avP ratio of 2.1:1, meet the requirements of broilers aged 22 to 33 and 34 to 42 days, respectively, reared in a high-temperature environment

Glutamine for broilers from 21 to 42 days maintained in thermoneutral environment

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary glutamine levels on performance and carcass traits of broilers kept in thermoneutral environment from 21 to 42 days of age. Hundred sixty eight male broilers Cobb® with 21 days of age and initial body weight of 900 ± 4.71 g were allotted in a completely randomized design with four levels of glutamine (0.00, 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50%), seven replicates with six birds each. Performance, relative weights of carcass, breast, thigh and drumstick and mRNA expression of HSP70 were evaluated. Birds were housed in environmental chambers with temperature of 23.2 ± 1.77ºC and relative humidity of 70 ± 5.82% corresponding to a calculated BGHI of 72 ± 2.75, which characterize thermoneutral environment. There was no effect of glutamine on feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion of broilers. Glutamine had no influence on absolute and relative weights of carcass, breast, thigh, and drumstick of birds. There was not effect of dietary glutamine on mRNA expression of HSP70. Dietary glutamine did not affect performance and carcass traits of broilers from 21 to 42 days of age maintained in thermoneutral environment

Effects of different proteases on commercial laying hens at peak production

We evaluated the effect of adding proteases in diets of laying hens at peak production on the performance, egg quality, relative weight of digestive organs, and intestinal morphometry. Hy-Line W36 layer hens (390; 28-39 weeks old) were distributed in five treatments, with 13 animals each, with six replicates. The treatments were: control (standard formulation without nutritional reduction or protease inclusion), negative control A - NCA (nutritional reduction according to protease A matrix, without protease), negative control B - NCB (nutritional reduction according to protease B matrix, without protease), NCA + protease A, and NCB + protease B. The experimental period lasted 12 weeks, divided into three cycles of 28 days. Hens subjected to treatments (NCA and NCB) showed a decrease in feed intake. However, the addition of proteases A and B promoted improvement in this trait. The diets NCA and NCB had a negative influence on the production rate of the hens, but the diet supplementation with protease B resulted in significant improvement on egg laying rate. Hens subjected to nutritional reduction presented the worst results regarding mass and conversion by egg mass. However, the addition of enzymes reversed these results. Although the diets did not affect the relative weights of yolk, albumen, eggshell, Haugh unit, and specific gravity of the eggs, a higher eggshell thickness was observed in hens that received NCA, NCB, and NCB + protease B diets. The diets did not influence the relative weights of digestive organs and the small intestine morphometry. Hens fed diets supplemented with A and B have performance recovered in relation to those that received diets with reduced levels of nutrient

Mesenchymal stem cells in dogs with demyelinating leukoencephalitis as an experimental model of multiple sclerosis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brasil (Finance Code 001).Federal Rural University of Amazonia. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Institute of Animal Health and Production. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal Rural University of Amazonia. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Institute of Animal Health and Production. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal Rural University of Amazonia. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Institute of Animal Health and Production. Belém, PA, Brazil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Instituto Evandro Chagas. Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética. Ananindeua, PA, Brasil.University of São Paulo. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science. Department of Surgery. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.University of São Paulo. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Department of Microbiology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.University of São Paulo. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Department of Microbiology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.University of São Paulo. Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Department of Microbiology. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.Federal Rural University of Amazonia. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Institute of Animal Health and Production. Belém, PA, Brazil.Federal Rural University of Amazonia. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Institute of Animal Health and Production. Belém, PA, Brazil.Researchers have used dogs with neurological sequelae caused by distemper as an experimental model for multiple sclerosis, owing to the similarities of the neuropathological changes between distemper virus-induced demyelinating leukoencephalitis and multiple sclerosis in humans. However, little is known about the role of mesenchymal stem cells in treating such clinical conditions. Therefore, we investigated the use of mesenchymal stem cells in four dogs with neurological lesions caused by the distemper virus. During the first year after cellular therapy, the animals did not demonstrate significant changes in their locomotive abilities. However, the intense (Grade V) myoclonus in three animals was reduced to a moderate (Grade IV) level. At one year after the mesenchymal stem cell infusions, three animals regained functional ambulation (Grade I), and all four dogs started to move independently (Grades I and II). In two animals, the myoclonic severity had become mild (Grade III). It was concluded that the use of mesenchymal stem cells could improve the quality of life of dogs with neurological sequelae caused by canine distemper, thus presenting hope for similar positive results in human patients with multiple sclerosis